APPLICATIONS FERTILIZATION

A.    Practical implementation

Practicum undertaken at :

           Day: Wednesday 
           Date: October 9, 2013 
           Place: Garden Practice Wedomartani

B.     Purpose

1. Knowing the types of fertilizer. 
2. Know how to cultivate crops.

C.    Basic Theory

Fertilization activity giving one or more fertilizers to the soil or to the plant to meet the nutrient needs of plants. Fertilizers are generally given in the form of solid or liquid through the soil and is absorbed by plant roots. However, fertilizer can also be given through the surface of the plant, especially the leaves. 
The main purpose of fertilization is to ensure optimum availability of nutrients to support the growth of plants in order to obtain an increased yield. Efficient fertilizer use is basically giving form and amount of fertilizer according to crop needs, the right way and at the right time according to the needs and level of the plant growth. Plants can use fertilizer only on the active rooting, but difficult to absorb nutrients from the soil layer is dry or clogged. Fertilization efficiency can be estimated based on the increase in dry weight or nutrient uptake of the nutrient units were added in the fertilizer. 
Macro fertilizers are fertilizers that plants need in bulk, consisting of primary and secondary macro elements. Primary macro elements include Nitrogen (N), phosphate (P), and potassium (K), while the secondary macro include calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S). 
Micro fertilizers are fertilizers that plants need in relatively small quantities. Even if it takes a small amount of fertilizer plants is absolutely necessary, include Chlorine (Cl), iron (Fe), manganese (Ma), Copper (Cu), boron (B), Molybdenum (Mo), and zinc (Zn).

D.      Tools and Materials

            1.      Urea, TSP, NPK, Phonska and ZA

            2 .     Analytical scales

            3.      Plastic

            4.      Measure glass

E.     How it Works

1. Describe the types of fertilizers available.

2. Clear the land of weeds that grow in areas planted.

            3. Make a small hole as deep as 3 cm lengthwise around the plant.

4. Insert fertilizer into a small hole that has been created and closed 
     back to the ground.

5.Provide fertilizer according to the treatment.

F.     Practice results

1.                 Table description of the types of fertilizers

No.	Name of fertilizer	Color	Shape	The content of the element	Application
1.	Urea	White	Granules	N      : 46%	Propagated
2.	TSP	White	Granules or granular	P2O5  : 44%-46%	Dissolved in water and sprayed on plants
3.	Phonska	Red brick	Granules	N :15% P2O5     :15%, K2O :15%, S        :10%, H2O   :2%	Dissolved in water and sprayed on plants
4.	ZA	Red brick	Crystal grains	S       : 24%, N       : 21%	Dissolved in water and sprayed on plants
5.	NPK	Blue	Granules	N     :  15 % P2O5  : 15 % K2O  : 15 %	Dissolved in water and sprayed on plants

G.    Discussion

Urea is white and pink and granular bulk. The content of elements contained in the element urea N: 46% and the mode of application of urea fertilizer by means of propagated in plants. Benefits nitrogen itself is largely used to make ammonia nitrogen, is used to make nitrogen fertilizers, such as urea and za, as an inert gas blanket to eliminate oxygen in the manufacture of electronic devices due to the inert nature of the possessed, used as a coolant to create a low temperature, for example in industrial processing plants and fill the empty space in mercury thermometers to reduce evaporation. 
TSP and the white granular or granular. The content of elements contained in the TSP P2O5: 44% - 46% and way of TSP fertilizer applications by means dissolved in water and sprayed on plants. Benefits TSP itself ie promoting flowering in plants. 
Fertilizer Phonska red brick and grain shape. The content of elements contained in the Phonska fertilizer N: 15%, P2O5: 15%, K2O: 15%, S: 10%, H2O: 2% and fertilizer application Phonska way by means dissolved into the water and splashed into the plant. Benefits Phonska fertilizer itself is made ​​more fresh green leaves of plants, increases the size of fruits, tubers, and seeds, increase crop production, a great pace root growth, so heavy and strong, made ​​more upright stems and expedite the process of formation of sugar. 
ZA brick red and crystal grain shape. content of elements contained in the ZA S: 34%, N: 21% and how applications ZA manner and dissolved into water splashed onto the plant. Benefits ZA itself which adds protein and vitamin content of plants. 
NPK fertilizer granules are blue and its shape. The content of elements contained in the NPK fertilizer N: 15%, P2O5: 15%, K2O: 15% and how the application of NPK fertilizer itself is dissolved into water and sprayed on the plants. Benefits of NPK fertilizer itself which helps the growth of vegetatife.

H.    Conclusion

From the data above observations can know the types of fertilizers used in fertilizer, and the fertilizer has a color, shape, content elements and how its application to the treatment plant so that each one is different fertilizers.

I.       Bibliography

Anonymous. Practical Handbook 2013 Fundamentals of Crop Cultivation Technology. Faculty of Agriculture UPN 'Veteran' Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta.